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In Mongolian tradition, an eliye was a type of bird demon that both caused and predicted misfortune.

Eliye in "Curse of the Three Demons"[]

Bagadan summoned a kolcin, an eliye, and an ada to curse the Arab merchant Sa'id ibn Hawqal.[1] When Sa'id returned to the caravanserai where he was staying, he began praying, but was immediately plagued by the kolcin. Even though Sa'id tried to pray it away, order it away, and even attack it with a knife, the kolcin remained. After taunting Sa'id that it was tasked only with giving the first hint of its master's wrath, the kolcin sank through floor and vanished.[2]

The eliye proved more persistent and vexatious to Sa'id. The eliye took the shape of a bird, but seemed to constantly change shape to various species of birds. While Sa'id was walking to an appointment, the eliye yelled out an abrupt warning to Sa'id to watch his feet, causing the alarmed Sa'id to land in a puddle. Sa'id pressed on to a meeting with a Chinese nobleman. When they'd reached an agreement over one of Sa'id's locks, the eliye said aloud that it was a pity that the lock had also gotten wet. The nobleman noticed, and refused to buy the lock.[3]

Desperate, Sa'id approached a pair of Mongol soldiers about his situation. While one, Etugen, was amused, the other, Kisaga, had a brother who'd once been cursed by an eliye. Kisaga directed him to Sulde, the shaman who'd helped his brother. When the eliye appeared, Sulde turned a piece of wood into a serpent. The eliye was unfazed, taunting both men that Bagadan was a more powerful magician than Sulde was. Then it announced that Sulde's goats had run away. When he confirmed this, Sulde admitted defeat. Guilty, Sa'id did pay Sulde for his goats, although he had little money left himself.[4]

References[]

  1. Arabesques 2, pgs. 51-55.
  2. Ibid., pgs. 56-57.
  3. Ibid., pgs. 58-59.
  4. Ibid., pgs. 60-62.
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