The Army of Kentucky was a short-lived branch of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
The designation "Army of Kentucky" was given August 25, 1862 to the field army led by General Edmund Kirby Smith into eastern Kentucky during the Heartland Offensive. The army was drawn from troops of the Confederate Department of Eastern Tennessee, which had been created with Smith as commander in February 1862.
The army consisted of the infantry divisions of Henry Heth, Patrick Cleburne, Thomas J. Churchill, and Carter L. Stevenson, and two small cavalry brigades under John Hunt Morgan and John S. Scott. After the Battle of Perryville on October 8, 1862, E. Kirby Smith was promoted and given command of the Trans-Mississippi Department, and the army was incorporated into the Army of Tennessee.
The name Army of Kentucky was also given to two United States Army branches. The first of these lasted August-September 1862, before being absorbed into the Army of the Ohio, and the second lasted September 1862 until June 1863, when it was absorbed into the Army of the Cumberland.
Confederate Army of Kentucky in Southern Victory[]
The Army of Kentucky was the second most-important Confederate Army formation, after the Army of Northern Virginia. First formed toward the end of the War of Secession, it swiftly achieved its original goal of conquering Kentucky for the CSA. In the Second Mexican War it was responsible for repulsing the U.S. Army's attempt to conquer Kentucky, which was the principal battleground of that war. The Army defended the region against the U.S. Army during the Great War, but was no match for the Barrel Roll Offensive, and Kentucky was lost to become part of the USA.
In the Second Great War, begun after Kentucky returned to the CSA, the Army of Kentucky was the Confederacy's principal offensive force in 1941, carving a corridor of occupation through Ohio between the Ohio River and Lake Erie during Operation Blackbeard. The Army of Kentucky was earmarked to continue the attack in the following year for Operation Coalscuttle, driving east from Ohio into Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania before being trapped in a pocket by General Irving Morrell and annihilated in early 1943.