Hitler Jugend

The Hitler Jugend (English: Hitler Youth) was a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party. Established in 1922, the HJ was the second oldest paramilitary Nazi group, founded one year after its adult counterpart, the Sturmabteilung (the SA). The HJ were viewed as future "Aryan supermen" and were indoctrinated in anti-Semitism. One aim was to instill the motivation that would enable HJ members, as soldiers, to fight faithfully for the Third Reich. The HJ put more emphasis on physical and military training than on academic study.

The Hitler Jugend in In the Presence of Mine Enemies
Time in Hitler Jugend was required of all German youth well into the 21st century, still indoctrinated with the notion of complete obedience to the Greater German Reich and anti-Semitism. However, as several Jews had survived, hiding as ordinary German citizens, several Jewish men had relatively fine memories of the Hitler Jugend. Gottlieb Stutzman shared his experiences, specifically the care and attention he was required to give to the shovel he was issued as a member of the HJ. (This shovel was a stand-in for a rifle.)