Pope Urban VIII

Pope Urban VIII (1568–1644), born Maffeo Barberini, was Pope from 1623 to 1644. He was the last Pope to expand the papal territory by force of arms, and was a prominent patron of the arts and reformer of Catholic missions. However, the massive debts incurred during his papacy greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the Pope's longstanding political or military influence in Europe. He was also involved in a controversy with Galileo Galilei and his theory on helio-centrism during his time.

Pope Urban VIII in "But It Does Move"
Pope Urban VIII ordered Galileo to face the Roman Inquisition for heresy in 1633. As part of this ordeal, Urban sent for Cardinal Sigismondo Gioioso to help investigate Galileo's case.